Artificial defocusing lens in the ionosphere
Boito G. N. , Vas'kov V. V. , Golyan S. F. , Gurevich A. V. , Dimant Ya. S. , Zyuzin V. A. , Kim V. Yu. , Komrakov G. P. , Lobachevskii L. A., Migulin V. V. , Mityakov N. A. , Panchenko V. A. , Polimatidi V. A. , Ryzhov V. A.
It has been observed that probing radio signals undergo a pronounced defocusing as they propagate through an ionosphere perturbed by an intense radio wave.