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VOLUME 60 (1994) | ISSUE 3 | PAGE 174
Mott-insulator-superfluid-liquid transition in a 1D boson Hubbard model
The values of the insulator gap Δ in finite ID systems of interacting bosons, which can be described by a Hamiltonian of the Hubbard type, are calculated numerically through an exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian matrix. The critical value (t/U)t. = 0.275 ± 0.005 is found through extrapolation to an infinite system. At this critical value, there is a transition from an insulating state to a superfluid state in a chain in which the number of bosons is equal to the number of sites. This value of (t/U)c is close to the exact result found analytically for a reduced Hamiltonian. The reduced model is a good approximation at t/U<**(t/U)c. In the critical region we have A~exp[-fo(l-i/rc)^1/2], where 6 = 0.2. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.