Localization of electrons on the cleavage surface of germanium in liquid
Vul B. M., Zavaritskaya E. I., Zavaritskii V. N.
The surface conductivity on the cleavage surfaces of germanium crystals in liquid helium, in rarefied helium and in ultrahigh vacuum has been investigated. It has been established that the transfer of electrons from the valence band to the surface occurs as a result of adsorption of impurity atoms, amounting to about 1 % of the monolayer.