Evolution of spin entanglement and an entanglement witness in multiple-quantum NMR experiments
E. B. Fel'dman, A. N. Pyrkov
Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Moscow Region, Russia
PACS: 03.67.Mn, 75.10.Pq, 82.56.-b
Abstract
We investigate the evolution of entanglement in
multiple-quantum (MQ) NMR experiments in crystals with pairs of
close nuclear spins-1/2. The initial thermodynamic equilibrium state
of the system in a strong external magnetic field evolves under the
non-secular part of the dipolar Hamiltonian. As a result, MQ
coherences of the zeroth and plus/minus second orders appear. A
simple condition for the emergence of entanglement is obtained. We
show that the measure of the spin pair entanglement, concurrence,
coincides qualitatively with the intensity of MQ coherences of the
plus/minus second order and hence the entanglement can be studied
with MQ NMR methods. We introduce an Entanglement Witness using MQ
NMR coherences of the plus/minus second order.