Curvature-dependent excitation propagation in cultured cardiac tissue
S. Kadota+, M. W. Kay*, N. Magome+, K. Agladze+×
+Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
*Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, 20052 Washington DC,USA
×Research and Education Center Bionanophysics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia
Abstract
The geometry of excitation wave front may play an important role on the propagation block and spiral wave formation. The wave front which is bent over the critical value due to interaction with the obstacles may partially cease to propagate and appearing wave breaks evolve into rotating waves or reentry. This scenario may explain how reentry spontaneously originates in a heart. We studied highly curved excitation wave fronts in the cardiac tissue culture and found that in the conditions of normal, non-inhibited excitability the curvature effects do not play essential role in the propagation. Neither narrow isthmuses nor sharp corners of the obstacles, being classical objects for production of extremely curved wave front, did not affect non-inhibited wave propagation. The curvature-related phenomena of the propagation block and wave detachment from the obstacle boundary were observed only after partial suppression of the sodium channels with Lidocaine. Computer simulations confirmed the experimental observations. The explanation of the observed phenomena refers to the fact that the heart tissue is made of finite size cells so that curvature radii smaller than the cardiomyocyte size loses sense, and in non-inhibited tissue the single cell is capable to transmit excitation to its neighbors.