Vacuum energy and Universe in special relativity
G. E. Volovik
Low Temperature Laboratory, Helsinki University of Technology, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland L. D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, 117334 Moscow, Russia
PACS: 03.30.+p, 04.90.+e, 98.80.-k
Abstract
The problem of cosmological constant and vacuum energy is
usually thought of as the subject of general relativity. However,
the vacuum energy is important for the Universe even in the
absence of gravity, i.e. in the case when the Newton constant
G is exactly zero, G=0. We discuss the response of the
vacuum energy to the perturbations of the quantum vacuum in
special relativity, and find that as in general relativity the
vacuum energy density is on the order of the energy density of
matter. In general
relativity, the dependence of the
vacuum energy on the equation of state of matter
does not contain
G, and thus is valid in the limit
. However, the result obtained for the
vacuum energy in the world without gravity, i.e. when G=0
exactly, is different.
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