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VOLUME 72 (2000) | ISSUE 12 | PAGE 879
Explaining critical angular velocities of the vortex formation in a stirred Bose - Einstein condensate
PACS: 03.75.-b, 05.30.Jp
The problem of explanation of the critical angular velocity Uc when the formation of a vortex in the stirred Bose-Einstein condensate becomes energetically possible, is considered in the framework of the variational approach. The origin of smallness of the calculated Clc in comparison with the measured values which takes place for pure quantum state with the unit angular momentum per condensed particle, is uncovered. The agreement with the measured i2c is achieved upon admitting a small admixture of the zero angular momentum state in the wave function of the one-vortex quantum state prepared after stirring. The portion of this admixture amounts to 10—13% of the total condensed atoms. Possible test of this hypothesis is proposed.