Microscopic oscillations of persistent currents in a metal ring with a magnetic impurity (the Kondo case)
Zvyagin A. A. , Bandos T. V.
When there is a low concentration of magnetic impurities (the Kondo case), there are oscillations in the persistent current in a metal ring with a fractional period Φ0/Ν (Ν is the number of electrons in the ring). These oscillations are characteristic of highly correlated electron systems in which charge and spin degrees of freedom are separated. The interaction with impurities gives rise to an effective interaction between electrons, which is manifested in the appearance of fractional microscopic oscillations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.