Destruction of a metastable vacuum by massive particles
Voloshin M. B., Selivanov K. G.
The probability is calculated for the quantum decay of a metastable vacuum in (I + I) dimensions induced by a massive boson or fermion, which serves as a center for the formation of a critical nucleus of a lower phase. The presence of the particle leads to an exponential factor for an intensification of the decay. Sufficiently heavy particles annihilate the metastable state essentially instantaneously. During the expansion of the critical nucleus, the particle itself is carried off to infinity in the form of a zero mode coupled to a soliton.