Soft topological objects in topological media
J. I. Väyrynen*, G. E. Volovik*+
*Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland
+Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics RAS, 119334 Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Topological invariants in terms of the Green's function in
momentum and real space determine properties of smooth textures within
topological media. In space dimension d=1 the topological invariant N3
in terms of the Green's function determines the
fermion number of the kink, while in space dimension d=3 the topological
invariant N5 in terms of the Green's function
determines quantization of Hall
conductivity in the soliton plane within the topological insulators.