Home
For authors
Submission status

Archive
Archive (English)
Current
   Volumes 93-112
   Volumes 113-120
      Volume 120
      Volume 119
      Volume 118
      Volume 117
      Volume 116
      Volume 115
      Volume 114
      Volume 113
Search
VOLUME 119 (2024) | ISSUE 4 | PAGE 317
Fermionic quartet and vestigial gravity
Abstract
We discuss the two-step transitions in superconductors, where the intermediate state between the Cooper pair state and the normal metal is the 4-fermion condensate, which is called the intertwined vestigial order. We discuss different types of the vestigial order, which are possible in the spin-triplet superfluid 3He, and the topological objects in the vestigial phases. Since in 3He the order parameter Aα i represents the analog of gravitational tetrads, we suggest that the vestigial states are possible in quantum gravity. As in superconductors, the fermionic vacuum can experience two consequent phase transitions. At first transition the metric appears as the bilinear combination of tetrads g_{\mu\nu} =\eta_{ab}{<} \hat E^a_\mu \hat E^b_\nu{>}, while the tetrad order parameter is still absent, e_\mu^a={<} \hat E^a_\mu{>} =0. This corresponds to the bosonic Einstein general relativity, which emerges in the fermionic vacuum. The nonzero tetrads e_\mu^a={<} \hat 
E^a_\mu{>} \neq 0 appear at the second transition, where a kind of the Einstein-Cartan-Sciama-Kibble tetrad gravity is formed. This suggests that on the levels of particles, gravity acts with different strength on fermions and bosons.